Alabama Fishing Regulations: Seasons, Limits & Rules

Alabama regulations • reviewed August 19, 2026

Can you keep that fish? Decode Alabama’s rule before it reaches the cooler

Alabama fishing regulations change with the water, species, length, fishing method and — on the Gulf — the jurisdiction and current season. Use this guide as a decision tool rather than treating one statewide limit as the answer everywhere.

Freshwater limits Special reservoirs 2026 rule changes Saltwater limits Gulf seasons License boundaries
One-minute answer

The Alabama limits anglers usually need first

Black bass 10

Combined statewide baseline; no more than 5 smallmouth.

Crappie 30

Usually 9″ minimum; Weiss Reservoir is 10″.

Bream 50

Duck River Reservoir special limit: 20.

Rainbow trout 5

Special Sipsey Fork gear/culling rules apply.

Red drum 3

16–26″ TL in Alabama waters.

Red snapper 2

16″ TL plus season, endorsement and reporting rules.

Do not put a fish in the cooler from this summary alone. Named lakes can have a different minimum, protected slot, oversized-fish sublimit or no-harvest rule. Saltwater species can also have temporary or federal-linked closures.
Status on this review date

What is especially important in Alabama right now?

QUOTA-MANAGED

Private red snapper

The 2026 private/state-managed season opened May 22, seven days per week, and remains subject to closure when Alabama’s quota is projected to be met.

JUNE 2026 CHANGE

Duck River Reservoir

The current amended rule replaced the former black-bass possession ban and deleted the old special walleye prohibition.

4 TEMPORARY CLOSURES

Public Fishing Lakes

Barbour, Crenshaw, Escambia and Marion County Lakes are currently listed as temporarily closed.

AUGUST 31

License-year end

Recreational licenses expire August 31 annually. Recheck prices for a purchase made September 1 or later.

Keeper test

Six checks before an Alabama fish enters the livewell or cooler

1 Species

Identify it correctly before applying a size or bag limit.

2 Exact water

Lake, river reach, Public Fishing Lake, coastal water or offshore zone?

3 Current season

Confirm a current closure has not overridden the normal calendar.

4 Measurement

Minimum, maximum, protected slot, TL, FL or CFL?

5 Creel count

Include aggregate and oversized-fish sublimits.

6 Method / reporting

Rod, bait, hook, vessel, endorsement and reporting can still matter.

Which rule wins?

Use the newest and most specific applicable rule

1 Current emergency, quota or in-season closure
Especially important for Alabama Gulf fisheries.
2 Current Administrative Code / adopted amendment
A newer legal amendment can supersede wording still visible in an annual PDF.
3 Named-water or species-specific exception
Example: Weiss crappie, Harris bass slot or Duck River special limits.
4 Posted managed-water restriction
State Public Fishing Lakes can use posted creel and size rules.
5 Statewide baseline
Use statewide limits when no more specific applicable rule controls.
Official 2026 amendment decoded

Duck River: two old restrictions changed, not just one

Alabama’s June 16, 2026 filing visibly strikes the old rule language and replaces the black-bass regulation. It also strikes the former Duck River-specific walleye possession prohibition.

Old Duck River language

Black bass possession prohibited.

Walleye possession prohibited.

Current 2026 rule

Black bass: 10; no possession from 14–22 inches; only one may exceed 22 inches.

The Duck River-specific walleye ban was deleted. The statewide walleye rule therefore applies unless another current applicable restriction controls.

Black bass 10

14–22″ protected slot; only one over 22″.

Bream 20
Crappie 30

9″ minimum.

Why this matters: the annual 2025–2026 digest can still lead an angler to the old Duck River answer. For current rules, use the live amended regulation.
Measure correctly

Total length and fork length are different measurements

TOTAL LENGTH — TL FORK LENGTH — FL
Freshwater TL
Measure from the front of the mouth to the tip of the tail with both mouth and tail closed.
Saltwater TL
Jaw closed; squeeze the tail together to obtain maximum total length.
Fork length — FL
Straight-line distance from the snout to the deepest notch of the tail.
Curved fork length — CFL
Used for specified tuna species such as yellowfin.
Slot-limit visual

“Protected slot” does not mean “minimum size”

Harris Reservoir prohibits possession of largemouth bass between 13 and 16 inches. The prohibited fish are in the middle range.

OUTSIDE SLOT RELEASE OUTSIDE SLOT
shorter 13″ 16″ longer

Other Alabama slot-style rules

  • Lewis Smith: largemouth, Alabama and spotted bass between 13–15 inches are prohibited.
  • Duck River: black bass between 14–22 inches are prohibited; only one may exceed 22.
  • Red drum: 16–26 inches TL.
  • Spotted seatrout: 15–22 inches TL; one fish in the six-fish limit may exceed 22.
Freshwater baseline

Alabama statewide freshwater creel, possession & size limits

These are statewide public-water baselines. Always check the named-water exceptions immediately after this table.

Species Daily / possession limit Important rule
Black bass 10 combined Includes largemouth, smallmouth, spotted, Alabama, shoal and drainage-specific bass formerly grouped as redeye bass. No more than 5 may be smallmouth.
Walleye 2 Designated restoration waters remain no-harvest.
Sauger 5 15-inch minimum total length.
White bass 15 Chattahoochee reciprocal rules can change the applicable aggregate.
Yellow bass 15 Statewide baseline.
Saltwater striped bass + hybrids 15 Normally no more than five may exceed 22 inches. Special reservoirs and coastal rivers differ.
Crappie 30 Generally 9-inch minimum in public waters. Listed exemptions exist; Weiss Reservoir requires 10 inches.
Yellow perch No statewide limit Posted managed-water rules can still control.
Catfish under 34″ No statewide limit Managed-water restrictions can still apply.
Catfish 34″+ 1 The size-based limit has listed river-basin exceptions. Live catfish 34″+ may not be transported beyond Alabama.
Bream 50 Duck River Reservoir uses a 20-fish special limit.
Rainbow trout 5 Sipsey Fork below Lewis Smith Dam: maximum two rods and no culling.
Alligator gar 1 Commercial-gear catches must be released with least possible harm.
Sturgeon CLOSED Release immediately with least possible harm.
Paddlefish / spoonbill CLOSED Release immediately with least possible harm.
Skipjack herring 50 Tennessee River/tributary fish have additional sale/trade restrictions.
Possession is not the same thing as “days fished.” Alabama states that a person may not take or possess more than the applicable daily limit. Do not assume several days automatically allow several daily limits to accumulate in your possession.
Tournament exception

Bass tournament weigh-in fish have a narrow same-day possession exception

Alabama’s freshwater rule provides a specific exception for fish held alive for release by a bona fide fishing-tournament sponsor or its designated agent.

Anglers weigh in

Fish are transferred to the bona fide tournament sponsor or designated agent.

Held alive for release

The normal creel/possession provision does not apply to qualifying live fish held under this narrow tournament exception.

Same-water release

Fish must be returned unharmed to the public water from which they were taken as soon as reasonably possible on the same day.

The rule does not require a sponsor/designated agent to release a fish that is dead or dying. This exception is not a general permission for an individual angler to exceed the normal possession limit.
Walleye restoration waters

Statewide walleye limit 2 becomes no harvest in these protected waters

Cleburne / Calhoun area

  • Sweetwater Lake in Talladega National Forest
  • White Plains Lake / Whitesides Mill Lake
  • Shoal Creek upstream of White Plains Lake

Coosa / tributary restoration waters

  • Lake Mitchell between Mitchell Dam and Lay Dam
  • Walnut Creek
  • Hatchet Creek
  • Weogufka Creek
  • Covered Mulberry Fork waters and tributaries
  • Covered Sipsey Fork waters and tributaries
Any walleye caught in a listed restoration water must be immediately returned with the least possible harm.
Special-water overrides

Alabama reservoirs where the statewide table is not enough

Water Special rule What the angler should do
Duck River Reservoir Black bass 10; no possession 14–22″; one over 22″. Bream 20. Crappie 30, 9″ minimum. Use the June 16, 2026 amended rule, not the older digest wording.
Guntersville Reservoir + Town Creek Largemouth and smallmouth bass: 15″ minimum. Measure either species before possession.
Harris Reservoir Largemouth bass between 13–16″ may not be possessed. Treat the range as a protected slot.
Lake Jackson at Florala Five black bass over 12″; only one may exceed 22″. Track total fish and oversized fish.
Lewis Smith — black bass Largemouth, Alabama and spotted bass between 13–15″ prohibited. Protected slot.
Lewis Smith — striped bass Maximum two striped bass over 22″. No intentional culling June 15–October 15. Do not livewell a striped bass and later release it simply to upgrade during the no-cull period.
Lake Martin Maximum two striped bass over 22″. No intentional culling June 15–October 15. Track oversized fish and the warm-season no-cull rule.
Pickwick Reservoir Largemouth and smallmouth bass: 15″ minimum. Measure either species.
Thurlow Reservoir Maximum two striped bass over 22″; only one may exceed 30″. Track both oversized thresholds.
Walter F. George / Lake Eufaula + tributaries Largemouth bass: 14″ minimum. Also check reciprocal/boundary-water jurisdiction.
Weiss Reservoir Crappie: 10″ minimum. Do not use the ordinary 9″ minimum here.
West Point Reservoir + tributaries Largemouth bass: 14″ minimum. Boundary-water rules can also apply.
Wheeler Reservoir Smallmouth bass: 15″ minimum. Species-specific minimum.
Wilson Reservoir + Big Nance/Town Creek Smallmouth bass: 15″ minimum. The listed tributaries are included.
Yates Reservoir Maximum two striped bass over 22″; only one may exceed 30″. Count both length thresholds.
Little Uchee, Uchee, Osanippa, Halawakee & Wacoochee creeks Shoal bass possession prohibited. Release shoal bass rather than using the ordinary black-bass limit.
Dog, East Fowl, Fish, Fowl, Perdido & West Fowl rivers Striped bass: 16″ minimum, two-fish daily limit. Use the special coastal-river rule.
Methods & gear

Rod, trotline, snagging, noodling & freshwater gear rules

Weiss + Neely Henry 3 rods

Maximum rods/reels or poles in combination.

Sipsey Fork trout reach 2 rods

Trout culling is also prohibited.

Sport line combination 100 hooks

Maximum across qualifying trot, snag and snare lines.

Unattended set/bush hooks 48 hrs

May be removed by enforcement personnel after that period.

Methods for qualifying non-game / unprotected fish

  • Rod and reel
  • Ordinary hook and line
  • Trotlines
  • Set lines, including limb and jug lines
  • Regulated snag/snare lines
  • Qualifying bowfishing gear
  • Underwater spear with applicable special license
  • Grabbling/noodling under the method restrictions

Restrictions people overlook

  • Required identifying tag on qualifying trot, snag and snare lines.
  • No treble, multi-hooks or barbed hooks for grabbling/noodling.
  • Firearms may not be used to take fish.
  • Fishing from posted private property requires permission.
  • Freshwater fish cleaning on public water is restricted.
Non-game rule ≠ permission to use that method on every fish. The broad method list applies to qualifying commercial, non-game or unprotected fish. It does not make those techniques automatically legal for black bass, crappie, trout or another regulated game species.
Snagging: snagging is prohibited on Tennessee River waters and impoundments and within 800 feet of a dam on the Coosa River and its impoundments.
Live-bait firewall

Wild bait caught in one Alabama water should stay with that water

1. Legally collect bait

Catch qualifying baitfish or crayfish from an Alabama public water.

2. Use it there

Wild bait may be used on or within the water from which it was caught.

3. Do not move it

Wild-caught live baitfish may not be transported away to another water.

Commercially sourced bait is treated differently. Qualifying bait from a commercial producer or bait shop is not the same as wild bait taken from another lake or river.

Bait-collection gear limits

Gear Practical limit
Minnow basket Maximum 24″ long × 12″ diameter; funnel entrance no more than 1″.
Minnow seine Maximum 25 feet long × 4 feet deep.
Seine location Not allowed in unimpounded tributary streams and creeks; qualifying use is allowed in waters specified by the rule.
Protect the next water

Do not accidentally turn leftover bait into an illegal stocking

Public-water stocking

Intentionally stocking or releasing fish, mussels, snails, crayfish, embryos or baitfish into covered public waters generally requires Department authorization unless an applicable exception exists.

Invasive carp

Live silver carp, bighead carp and largescale silver carp are subject to strict possession, sale, release and distribution restrictions.

Protected nongame fish

“Small fish” does not automatically mean “legal bait.” Alabama protects multiple native nongame species.

State Public Fishing Lakes

Public Fishing Lakes have permits, posted limits and operational rules

ADCNR manages State Public Fishing Lakes as intensively managed waters. Their posted rules can make them very different from a large public reservoir.

Fishing from shore

Applicable fishing license
Lake fishing permit for anglers age 12+

Own boat / kayak / canoe

Applicable fishing license
Fishing permit
Launch permit
Craft must be used for fishing

Motorized rental jon boat

Boat-rental permit
Fishing license + lake fishing permit
Age 16+ plus applicable boating requirement
Permit prices can vary by lake. Do not assume every Public Fishing Lake charges an identical local fishing, launch or rental fee. Check the individual lake’s current page before travel.

Rules that apply after you arrive

Fishing hours Daylight

Unless the Commissioner’s agent authorizes otherwise.

Default fishing method Hook + line

Natural or artificial bait.

Game-fish limits Posted

Posted lake limits control covered species.

Children under 12 Adult required

May not be left at the lake unaccompanied.

Catch inspection

On demand, an angler must exhibit the catch, fishing permit and fishing license to an authorized conservation officer, concessionaire or Department representative.

Fish must be counted / weighed

Fish taken from a State Public Fishing Lake must be counted and weighed by the concessionaire unless the concessionaire is absent.

No commercial sale

Fish taken from these lakes may not be sold, offered for sale or used commercially unless specifically authorized in writing.

Live-minnow rules

Specified baitfish only

The rule lists goldfish/“Indiana” minnows, golden shiners and fathead minnows.

No bucket dumping

Do not empty leftover minnows — alive or dead — into the lake.

Bait container inspection

Minnow buckets/receptacles are subject to inspection by authorized personnel.

Also prohibited: swimming or wading, sailboat use and camping without special permission. Gasoline outboards are allowed only where posted and must then be operated at slow trolling/no-wake speed.

Temporary closures currently listed by ADCNR

CLOSED

Barbour County Lake

Draining/restocking; reopening date to be announced.

CLOSED

Crenshaw County Lake

Renovations.

CLOSED

Escambia County Lake

Restocking and dam inspection.

CLOSED

Marion County Lake

Renovations.

Closure status reviewed August 19, 2026. Recheck immediately before driving because reopening dates can change.

Typical operating pattern: Public Fishing Lakes are generally open six days per week February 1–June 30. Some operate five days per week July–November. Most are closed or limited during December and January.
Alabama–Georgia boundary water

Reciprocal license recognition does not cover every tributary

Qualifying Alabama and Georgia sport-fishing licenses are mutually recognized on covered Chattahoochee River boundary waters and covered impoundments, but the agreement has geographic limits.

Black bass 10
White + striped + hybrid bass 15 aggregate

Only two may be 22″ or longer.

Crappie 30
Tributaries are not automatically covered by the reciprocal agreement, and the specified upstream portion of West Point Reservoir beyond the Georgia Highway 109 boundary is excluded.
Coastal license decision

Freshwater or saltwater license? Coastal Alabama has an official boundary

Do not decide only from whether the water “looks fresh” or “looks salty.” ADCNR maintains an official saltwater/freshwater license-boundary map.

Saltwater boundary help 251-861-2882

Marine Resources — Dauphin Island

Saltwater boundary help 251-968-7576

Marine Resources — Gulf Shores

Freshwater boundary help 251-626-5474

WFF District 5

License context

Current license-year information relevant to regulation checks

Resident freshwater $17.00
Nonresident freshwater $66.25

Most states.

Resident saltwater $30.05
Nonresident saltwater $64.90

Current “all other states” annual rate.

Nonresident freshwater annual exceptions

Most states $66.25
Louisiana resident $70.55
Mississippi resident $75.42
License-year warning: Alabama recreational licenses expire August 31 annually. These figures are the current license-year values visible during this August 19 review. Verify the new license-year amount for purchases made September 1 or later.

Resident county-bank exception

A qualifying Alabama resident may fish from the bank in the resident’s county with ordinary hook and line without buying the regular freshwater license, while carrying reasonable proof of residency.

Residents age 65+

Residents age 65+ are exempt from buying ordinary freshwater and saltwater licenses.

Saltwater registration and reef endorsement are separate where applicable.

Nonresidents age 65+

Alabama does not extend the resident 65+ exemption to nonresidents. Nonresidents age 16+ generally need the appropriate recreational license.

MyOutdoorAlabama is live. Alabama now directs recreational license customers to its new MyOutdoorAlabama system for license purchasing and account management.

Need the full freshwater-license process?

See resident/nonresident eligibility, purchase steps, exemptions and license options.

Alabama Freshwater Fishing License

Fishing Alabama coastal waters?

See saltwater pricing, exemptions, registry rules, reef endorsement and visitor options.

Alabama Saltwater Fishing License
Offshore jurisdiction

Alabama’s nine-mile rule is for Gulf reef fish — not every saltwater species

The same GPS position can produce different regulatory answers depending on the species you are targeting or possessing.

3 nautical miles
9 nautical miles
Shore → 3 nm Alabama saltwater regulations generally govern state waters.
3 → 9 nm Alabama’s extended management authority applies to species in the federal Gulf Reef Fish Management Plan. Other species can already be under federal rules.
Beyond 9 nm Federal Gulf waters. Federal seasons, gear rules and vessel permits become especially important.
Species-specific offshore trap

Red drum and mackerel do not receive the reef-fish nine-mile treatment

Red drum

Alabama state-water limit: three fish at 16–26 inches TL. A person subject to Alabama jurisdiction may not possess red drum in federal waters.

King mackerel

King mackerel is outside the Gulf reef-fish management-plan list. Federal regulation applies beyond three nautical miles.

Spanish mackerel

Spanish mackerel likewise remains under federal regulation beyond three nautical miles rather than receiving Alabama’s nine-mile reef-fish treatment.

Saltwater keeper table

Alabama recreational saltwater size & daily creel limits

TL = total length, FL = fork length, CFL = curved fork length. Species tied to federal seasons should always receive a same-day season check.

Species Legal size Daily limit Important note
Sheepshead 12″ min FL 8/person Current Alabama limit.
Spotted seatrout 15–22″ TL 6/person One of the six may exceed 22″.
Red drum 16–26″ TL 3/person No Alabama oversized allowance; federal-water prohibition applies.
Cobia 36″ min FL 1/person Maximum two per vessel.
King mackerel 24″ min FL 3/person Federal rules apply offshore as described above.
Spanish mackerel No Alabama minimum listed 15/person Federal offshore rules may apply.
Florida pompano 12″ min TL 3/person State-water baseline.
Gag grouper 24″ min TL 2 within aggregate Federal-linked season.
Red grouper 20″ min TL 2 within aggregate Mixed grouper aggregate is four.
Black grouper 24″ min TL Within 4-fish aggregate Federal-linked rules apply.
Yellowfin grouper 20″ min TL Within 4-fish aggregate Federal-linked rules apply.
Scamp 16″ min TL Within grouper aggregate Check federal season.
Greater amberjack 34″ min FL 1/person Mandatory reporting applies when harvested.
Striped bass — MRD waters 16″ min TL 2/person Marine Resources jurisdiction rule.
Gray triggerfish 15″ min FL 1/person Federal-linked season + mandatory Snapper Check reporting.
Flounder 14″ min TL 5/person Harvest closed November 1–30.
Tripletail 18″ min TL 3/person State-water limit.
Lesser amberjack 14–22″ FL Reef-fish aggregate Maximum size applies.
Banded rudderfish 14–22″ FL Reef-fish aggregate Maximum size applies.
Yellowfin tuna 27″ min CFL 3/person Federal HMS requirements can also apply.
Bigeye tuna 27″ min CFL No Alabama creel limit listed Federal requirements still apply.
Snook 28″ min TL 1/person State-water rule.
Red snapper 16″ min TL 2/person Quota-managed season + reef endorsement + Snapper Check.
Vermilion snapper 10″ min TL 10/person Reef-fish rules apply.
Lane snapper 10″ min TL Reef-fish aggregate Reef-fish rules apply.
Gray / mangrove snapper 12″ min TL 10/person Reef-fish rules apply.
Tarpon 60″ min TL $67 tag required Tag required to possess, kill or harvest each tarpon.
Aggregate rule: Alabama uses a four-fish mixed-grouper aggregate with no more than two red grouper and two gag grouper. A separate 20-fish reef-fish aggregate applies to covered reef species without their own bag limit.
Party-boat captain and crew: Alabama states that captain and crew of Alabama Commercial Party Boats may not retain recreational bag limits of fish harvested in state waters.
Easy-to-miss seasonal rule

Mullet changes from October 24 through December 31

From shoreline 25/person

Daily recreational limit during the special period.

From a boat 25/boat

During October 24–December 31.

Special closed areas No cast net / snagging

Theodore Industrial Canal, Dog River, Fowl River and their tributaries.

Alabama’s more detailed cast-net rule also establishes closed zones near the mouths of Theodore Industrial Canal, Dog River and Fowl River during this period. Check the exact marine rule before targeting late-year mullet in these areas.
Latest official quota PDF

2026 Alabama private red-snapper harvest progress

2026 harvest limit 664,552 lb
Preliminary harvest 500,471 lb

Latest cumulative PDF linked during this Aug. 19 review.

Mathematical difference 164,081 lb

Not a forecast or guaranteed remaining harvest.

Harvest rates change with weather, fishing effort and catch rates. ADCNR can announce a closure when the quota is projected to be met. Always check the live season notice before departure.

2026 Gulf calendar

Current and upcoming season windows

QUOTA-MANAGED

Private red snapper

Opened May 22, 2026 and scheduled seven days per week until Alabama’s quota is projected met or the end of the year.

OPEN

Federal for-hire red snapper

June 1 through October 25, 2026. Closure begins 12:01 a.m. local time October 26.

OPENS SEPT. 1

Gag grouper

Opens September 1 and closes at 12:01 a.m. local time October 1, 2026.

OPENS SEPT. 1

Greater amberjack

Opens September 1 and closes at 12:01 a.m. local time October 14, 2026.

SCHEDULED OPEN

Gray triggerfish

Fixed recreational closures include January–February and June–July. Verify current NOAA/ADCNR status for an in-season change.

NOV. 1–30 CLOSED

Flounder

Alabama prohibits possession, harvest and attempted harvest during the November closure.

Reef-fish compliance

A legal-size snapper can still be illegal to land

  • Saltwater license or qualifying exemption. Match your license/registration status to the type of trip.
  • Saltwater Angler Registration where required. Alabama residents 16+ who do not have to buy the annual saltwater license can still need the free registration.
  • Gulf Reef Fish Endorsement. Qualifying anglers age 16+ targeting or possessing listed Gulf reef fish generally need the $10 individual endorsement.
  • Natural bait means proper circle hooks. Qualifying Gulf reef-fish fishing with natural bait requires non-stainless-steel circle hooks.
  • Snapper Check. Red snapper, greater amberjack and gray triggerfish harvest must be reported as required before landing in Alabama.
  • Children’s catch still goes in the report. Anglers under 16 can be exempt from license/endorsement requirements, but harvested mandatory-report fish still count.
  • Federal-water release gear. When fishing for or possessing Gulf reef fish in federal waters, have the required descending device or venting tool rigged and ready.
  • Keep head and fins intact through landing. Do not turn regulated fish into unidentified fillets offshore.
Critical red-snapper travel rule

A fish caught legally under another state’s season may still be illegal to carry through Alabama waters

When Alabama’s red-snapper season is closed: possession of red snapper in Alabama state waters is prohibited. ADCNR says anglers operating under another state’s season must follow that state’s rules and land the fish there; a recreational vessel carrying red snapper may not transit Alabama state waters while Alabama’s season is closed.

This is an important route-planning rule for Gulf anglers who fish across state boundaries. Check current Alabama status before deciding where the vessel will return and land.

Which red-snapper season?

Private boat, Alabama party boat and federally permitted charter are different

Private recreational vessel

  • Uses Alabama’s private/state-managed season.
  • Snapper Check applies.
  • Individual licensing/registration/endorsement rules apply.

Alabama party boat without federal reef permit

  • Uses the state-managed season.
  • Vessel reef endorsement required.
  • May fish reef species only within the applicable nine-mile state-management area.
  • Alabama landing reporting applies.

Federally permitted for-hire vessel

  • Uses the federal for-hire season.
  • 2026 red snapper: June 1–October 25.
  • Federal reef-fish vessel rules apply.
  • More restrictive state/federal conditions can matter when fishing state waters.
Sharks & rays

Alabama shark fishing has an extra safety and identification layer

Species / group Minimum Daily limit
Atlantic sharpnose None listed 1/person/day
Bonnethead None listed 1/person/day
Great, smooth & scalloped hammerhead 78″ FL 1/person/day
Other harvestable sharks 54″ FL 1/person/day, subject to prohibited-species rules
Skates & rays 3/person

Natural bait

Shark anglers using natural bait must use a non-offset, non-stainless-steel circle hook.

300-foot shore rule

Targeting sharks by chumming or bloodbaiting is prohibited within 300 feet of shoreline, on a public pier, or on a private pier where an unsafe condition is created.

Alabama protects numerous shark and ray species from harvest. If species identification is uncertain, release rather than guessing.
After the catch

Keep regulated fish identifiable until the legal landing point

Freshwater public waters

Alabama generally prohibits filleting fish, possessing fillets or removing heads while on public waters except when preparing fish for immediate cooking and consumption.

Saltwater landing

Finfish generally must remain with head and fins intact through landing so species and size remain verifiable.

Large live catfish

Live catfish 34 inches or longer may not be transported beyond Alabama’s borders.

2026 health check

Legal to harvest does not always mean unrestricted to eat

Alabama Department of Public Health maintains current fish-consumption advisory guidance by waterbody and species. A consumption advisory is health guidance — not automatically a fishing closure.

1. Match the water

Find the exact lake, river or water segment in the current advisory.

2. Match the species

Two species from the same water can have different guidance.

3. Read the meal frequency

Recommendations can specify meal limits or “do not eat.”

Save this before leaving signal

Alabama pre-trip regulation checklist

  • Exact waterbody: save the lake, reservoir, river reach, Public Fishing Lake or offshore zone.
  • Target species: save the current legal size, daily limit and possession rule.
  • Named-water exception: screenshot it if fishing Weiss, Guntersville, Harris, Lewis Smith, Duck River or another special water.
  • License boundary: coastal anglers should confirm whether the fishing location is on the freshwater or saltwater side.
  • License proof: make sure your license/account is accessible before leaving coverage.
  • Measuring device: carry a ruler long enough for the fish you intend to keep.
  • Gulf closure check: verify the current season again immediately before departure.
  • Snapper Check: have the reporting route ready when targeting mandatory-report reef fish.
  • Release device: have the required federal-water reef-fish descending/venting equipment ready.
  • Public Fishing Lake: verify it is open and confirm permits before driving.
  • Wild bait: do not move wild-caught live bait from one water to another.
  • Eating the catch: check the current ADPH consumption advisory separately from the harvest rule.
Mistake prevention

Alabama regulation mistakes that a simple statewide chart will not prevent

Using the old Duck River rule

Both the black-bass rule and the old special walleye prohibition changed in 2026.

Using 9″ for Weiss crappie

Weiss requires 10″.

Reading a slot as a minimum

Harris, Lewis Smith and Duck River show why that can fail.

Moving wild bait

Wild live bait caught from one public water cannot simply travel to the next.

Dumping minnows at a Public Fishing Lake

The Public Fishing Lake rule expressly prohibits it.

Ignoring the coastal license boundary

Use ADCNR’s official boundary rather than guessing from water appearance.

Confusing 3 nm with 9 nm

The nine-mile provision applies to Gulf reef fish, not every marine species.

Forgetting Snapper Check

A legal fish can still carry a mandatory reporting requirement.

Transiting after Alabama closes

Recreational red snapper cannot simply be carried through Alabama state waters during closure.

Cleaning fish too early

Keep the features needed to identify and measure the fish.

Ignoring Aug. 31

Alabama recreational license-year pricing can change after the annual expiration date.

Using statewide limits at a managed lake

Posted Public Fishing Lake regulations can override the general assumption.

When the rule is still unclear

Ask the right Alabama office a precise question

WFF License Section 334-242-3465
Marine Resources — Dauphin Island 251-861-2882
Marine Resources — Gulf Shores 251-968-7576
Licensing support 1-888-848-6887

ADCNR lists recreational licensing support as 24/7.

Mobile application support 1-866-246-9581
Game Check / Snapper Check 1-800-888-7690

A better question than “What is the fishing limit?”

“I’m fishing [exact water] on [date], targeting [species] using [method]. Can you confirm the current season, legal measurement, daily and possession limit, any water-specific exception, and whether a license, endorsement or reporting requirement applies?”
Digital license system

MyOutdoorAlabama is now Alabama’s current recreational licensing portal

Returning customer

Use the account lookup/profile system with the applicable Customer ID, Conservation ID or driver’s-license information.

Document uploads

The new system supports digital document uploads for qualifying license types that require military/disability documentation.

Before September renewal

Confirm your profile details and permanent records before purchasing privileges for the next license year.

Official final verification

Useful information first, official links second

The working rules have been brought into this guide so you do not have to open a dozen government pages just to understand the basics. Use these official destinations for the final live check, transaction or full legal text.

Freshwater limits ADCNR current creel, size and special-water summary. Rule 220-2-.35 Live statewide freshwater legal rule. Duck River Rule 220-2-.159 Current special reservoir regulation. June 2026 Duck River amendment PDF Shows inserted and deleted rule language. 2025–2026 regulations PDF Deep reference; compare older wording with newer amendments. Prohibited fishing methods Gear, rod, cleaning and restricted-method rules. Non-game fishing methods Trotline, set-line, bowfishing and noodling framework. Snagging restrictions Tennessee River and Coosa dam rules. Wild baitfish transport Rule for wild-caught live bait. Public Fishing Lake status Current closures, permit requirements and calendar. Public Fishing Lake rules Full lake operating and fishing regulations. Freshwater / saltwater license boundary Official ADCNR coastal license-boundary map. Saltwater limits Current marine size, creel and shark rules. Nine-mile Gulf rule Which species receive the extended state-management treatment. Snapper Check Reporting, vessel and 2026 red-snapper requirements. 2026 red-snapper landings Latest preliminary cumulative harvest PDF. Saltwater closures & notices Check on the day of a Gulf trip. NOAA Gulf fishing regulations Federal seasons and closures. Current saltwater license fees Current ADCNR license-year table. Nonresident freshwater fees Current annual, trip and reciprocal-state pricing. MyOutdoorAlabama Current online licensing and account system. 2026 fish-consumption advisories ADPH waterbody/species health guidance.
Practical FAQs

Alabama fishing regulations: common questions

Are Alabama freshwater fishing seasons open year-round?

Generally yes. Alabama establishes continuous seasons for designated game and commercial fish unless a special rule, managed-water schedule, protected-species provision or other closure applies.

What is Alabama’s black bass limit?

The statewide public-water baseline is 10 black bass in combination, with no more than five smallmouth bass. Named reservoirs can impose special minimum lengths, protected slots and other restrictions.

What is the Alabama crappie limit?

The statewide limit is generally 30. A 9-inch minimum normally applies on Alabama public waters where the statewide minimum controls, but exemptions exist. Weiss Reservoir requires a 10-inch minimum.

What changed at Duck River Reservoir in 2026?

Alabama amended Rule 220-2-.159 effective June 16, 2026. Black bass now have a limit of 10, fish between 14 and 22 inches may not be possessed, and only one may exceed 22 inches. Bream are limited to 20 and crappie to 30 with a 9-inch minimum. The amendment also deleted the former Duck River-specific walleye possession prohibition.

Can I keep walleye from Duck River Reservoir now?

The June 2026 amendment deleted the former Duck River-specific walleye possession ban. The statewide walleye limit is two unless another applicable current restriction controls. Alabama still prohibits walleye harvest in specifically listed restoration waters elsewhere.

Can I move live bait from one Alabama lake to another?

Wild live baitfish or crayfish caught from covered Alabama public waters may not be transported away from the water where they were caught. Qualifying commercially sourced bait is treated differently.

How many fishing rods can I use in Alabama?

Alabama does not have one universal rod number for every water. Weiss Reservoir and Neely Henry Lake are limited to three rods/reels or poles in combination. The specified Sipsey Fork trout reach has a two-rod maximum.

Do Alabama State Public Fishing Lakes require another permit?

Yes. Anglers age 12 and older need the required lake fishing permit. Launching a personal boat, kayak or canoe also requires the applicable launch permit, and posted lake-specific limits must be followed.

How do I know whether I need an Alabama freshwater or saltwater license?

Alabama maintains an official freshwater/saltwater license-boundary map. A saltwater fishing license is required when fishing or possessing fish in Alabama’s designated saltwater areas unless an exemption applies. Coastal anglers should use the official boundary rather than guessing from the appearance or salinity of the water.

Does Alabama’s Gulf jurisdiction extend three or nine nautical miles?

It depends on the species. Alabama’s nine-nautical-mile management provision applies to federally managed Gulf reef fish. Species outside that management plan, including king mackerel, Spanish mackerel and red drum, remain subject to federal regulation beyond three nautical miles.

What is Alabama’s 2026 private red-snapper season?

Alabama’s private/state-managed season opened May 22, 2026 and is scheduled seven days per week until the quota is projected to be met or the end of the year. The latest cumulative PDF linked during this August 19 review reports 500,471 pounds of preliminary harvest through August 9 against a 664,552-pound harvest limit. Check the live closure page before every trip.

Can I carry red snapper through Alabama waters after Alabama closes its season?

ADCNR says possession of red snapper in Alabama state waters while Alabama’s season is closed is prohibited. Recreational anglers fishing another state’s season must follow that state’s rules and land the fish there rather than transiting Alabama state waters with the red snapper.

Who needs an Alabama Gulf Reef Fish Endorsement?

Qualifying resident and nonresident anglers age 16 and older who possess, take or attempt to take listed Gulf reef fish generally need the individual endorsement unless an applicable exception applies.

Do Alabama residents age 65 and older need a fishing license?

Alabama residents age 65 and older are exempt from purchasing ordinary freshwater and saltwater fishing licenses. Saltwater Angler Registration and Gulf Reef Fish Endorsement requirements are separate where applicable.

Final keeper rule

Statewide number first. Exact water second. Today’s rule last.

Before keeping an Alabama fish, confirm the species, exact waterbody, current season, legal measurement, local exception, possession limit, fishing method and — where applicable — license boundary, reef endorsement or reporting requirement.

Official-source review completed . Fishing regulations can change through Administrative Code amendments, federal fishery actions, quota closures and posted managed-water rules.

Leave a Comment